Ganesh
Ganesh is usually also named Ganesha or Ganapati.
He is a singular God, who appeared in hinduism, according to most specialists (all of them do not agree with this statement), in the first centuries A.D. Several terracotta recently discovered seem to testify this.
Ganesh is one of the most important Gods of hinduism. In ancient times, He was not so important as the main gods of the Trimûrti (Brahmâ, Vishnu et Shiva). But progressively, He took a major place into the people’s life.
As proof, innumerable Ganesh devotees consider Him as the Supreme Deity. The Gânapatîya sect , active in the western coast of India (Maharashtra) from more than 1000 years, gives testimony of that fact.
Son of Shiva, Ganesh should not be normally worshipped by Vishnu devotees. However, in reality, one may verify that Ganesh goes beyond the barriers between sects. He is so universal that a legend tells He is a son of Vishnu too ! Besides, one sometimes find small Ganesh shrines in Vishnu temples…
His qualification of Vighneshvara, “The Lord of Obstacles” (i.e. He is the god able to raise obstacles, but also to put obstacles if we don’t worship Him properly). So, He is widely worshipped in any place in India.
This strong faith towards Ganesh led to consider Him as one of the Pañcha Devata. Shankarâchârya , the great philosopher of the Vedanta (9th century), stated officially that the Ganesh cult should be henceforth introduced in the orthodox hinduism .
The Ganesh cult is also recognized by the Jain religion, in the major Svetâmbara branch, as well as among Buddhists from Nepal and other countries.
The importance of Ganesh / Ganapati in Buddhism can be found in the belief of the Mahâyâna Buddhism that the Ganapati Hridaya mantra had been teached to Ananda by Buddha Himself.
Thus the Ganesh cult has expanded outside India ( ) in South-East Asia, in Tibet, in China, in Central Asia, in Mongolia and in Japan, simultaneously with the Mahâyâna Buddhism.
In Japan, for exemple, a special cult is given to Him. And many proofs of His antique presence have been found in Cambodia, during the Khmer period, in Vietnam (formerly, these two countries were not separated for long times), in Afghanistan, in Thaïland, in Indonesia.
According to the usual definition, Ganesh or Ganapati is “The Lord who removes obstacles” and “the Lord who grants success” (Siddhi ).
Since more than two thousand years, most likely, He is invoked at the very beginning of auspicious opportunities, like marriages and other various occasions (inaugurating a shop, starting a travel, taking an examination, etc.).
Jaïn and Buddhist seem to have embodied Ganesh in their own cult from the 9th century forward. This assimilation has occured only after the development of a specific Ganesh cult, during the first Gupta period, from the 5th century forward. What has happened before this Gupta dynasty (characterized by wonderful achievements on cultural and artistic grounds), is much less known, whereas the seldomness of material remnants.
Places where Ganesh can be found in India are really innumerable. All cities, all villages own at least one temple or a shrine, small or big, a stele, a stone indicating the cult place…
Each of them have its particular history, or a local legend. Moreover, Ganesh images in public gardens, on street pavements, on ghats and river shores, above the doorway lintels, from the biggest palaces to the most modest houses, can be found everywhere
**No mention of Ganesh playing the pipes though. lol
[ This Message was edited by: paul on 2003-01-18 18:36 ]