Part of a post I posted some time ago:
Ronald Reagan was a nuclear pacifist. He had a deep
personal horror of Mutually Assured Destruction. One
of his first acts as president was to retarget our nukes
away from population centers. He said: ‘There has to
be a better way of staying out of war than for the leader
of one nation calling up the leader of another and
saying ‘We’ll murder millions of innocent people on
your side if you murder millions of people on ours.’’
He said that the human spirit could not survive
under such circumstances. He meant it.
The Soviets had built
so many new long-range missiles–a four to one superiority,
with 30 foot accuracy-
spread in a band across Central
Asia, that there was a danger that they could take
out our land based stuff at home without damaging our
cities terribly–which would leave our submarines
and intermediate range missiles in Europe to
strike back. But would we use them? If we did
our cities would be blown off the face of the
earth. So the idea of a first strike wasn’t so impossible
to a Soviet leader in a desperate internal power struggle,
the Falklands scenario. Time for us to build more
offensive long range missiles, so that the Soviets
couldn’t get them all.
But Reagan refused–he couldn’t stand the arms race
anymore. He wanted to move to defense, to put up
an umbrella that would shoot down incoming missiles,
and to give the technology to the Soviets. Then nuclear
weapons would be obsolete, we wouldn’t have our gun
pressed to the head of Soviet children anymore.
For this he earned the undying enmity of the peace
movement, and the ridicule of intellectuals.
The only
people who took it seriously were the Soviets,
and it scared them silly, because they could’t
afford it. Their strategy had been to build
political strength through building up offensive nuclear
forces–it was leaving them impoverished,
and now it couldn’t work. There had to be
a better way, a new generation of leaders
came to the fore to find it, led by Gorbachev.
This was one of the wisest and most decent
things we ever did. Reagan saw in his
bumbling inchoate way that somehow
this was the thing that would break
the Soviet Union without causing a
war–that in this economic, political
andmilitary mix, this was the thing
they couldn’t do. A more clever
man probably wouldn’t have seen it.
And when the new Soviet leadership
emerged he embraced it.
It was interesting being an American
in those days, especially abroad;
you should have heard the things
people said about us then!
In the late 70s the Soviets moved
200 SS20s into eastern europe, with
10 warheads each. Carter, at the desperate
request of Germany, began deploying
Pershing intermediate missiles in
Western Europe. Reagan continued this,
saying, ‘We’ll take them out. Just take
out the SS20s, and well go back to where
we were in 1978.’
There were human chains across
Western Germany protesting this
American ‘aggression’–a pretext
by Ronald Ray-Gun to attack the
Soviet Union, bringing the world
to the brink of nuclear war! Vigils and sit ins at missile
sites in England, the peace movement
fighting tooth and nail to keep the
Russian missiles in place; and we doggedly,
kept deploying the Pershing
missiles, saying to the Soviets: ‘Our missiles
are closer to you than yours are to us;
we’ll take them out. Just take out the
SS20s…’ Then the Soviets took out
the SS20s and we took out the Pershing
missiles.
The Soviets were trying to break up
Nato, you see; they had conventional
forces able to overun Germany. The
only thing that could stop them was
intermediate nuclear missiles. The
overwhelming Soviet nuclear build-up made
them irresistible. The idea was to force
Germany out of Nato–the instability
that would have resulted, under those
circumstances, might well have led
to war which would have gone nuclear.
The Dems proposed a ‘nuclear freeze’ as the
alternative, and I suppose that if we had gone
that way, freezing with the Soviets ahead,
there might still be a Soviet Union or perhaps
we would all be dead. I doubt that the old
guard would have stepped aside just when
their aggressive policies were coming to
fruition.
Blessed be the peacemakers. Best